Organoids test EV-mediated repair impairment

Can a blood-borne signal help explain slower repair in human skin? A proposed experiment will wound skin organoids, miniature tissues with blood-vessel networks, and expose them to plasma from 12 donors with declining function and 12 with stable function, aged 50-70. The suspect is extracellular vesicles, tiny membrane-bound packages in plasma. Five organoids per donor per condition will receive intact plasma or plasma depleted of these packages. At 48 hours, necessity requires at least 25% better closure and vessel-network length at 85% of control. Purified donor vesicles will then return to depleted plasma. An at least 80% restoration of impaired repair would support transfer in this assay; no change would favor tissue-intrinsic or other explanations.