Heretical checklist
What it producesalso: heretic · the standing · heterodox · not mainstreamThe four tests a heretical hypothesis must pass: it revises a subfield, is not mainstream, has an empirical anchor, and predicts a testable surprise.
Every set of rivals must contain a heretic that contradicts the mainstream account. On the page the section "The standing" says why the hypothesis is not the mainstream account, using this checklist.